Shanghai hydraulic press manufacturer: electrical principle of four-column hydraulic press
According to the structure of the four-column
hydraulic press, the safety valve can be divided into two types: direct-acting and pilot-operated. Direct-acting for low pressure systems and pilot-operated for medium and high pressure systems. Know the specific classification, and then look at the electrical schematic diagram of the four-column hydraulic press.
Pilot operated relief valve for four-column hydraulic presses. The structural principle and graphic symbols of the four-column hydraulic press are shown in Figure 7-2. The structure of the valve is divided into two parts, the left part is the main valve part, and the right part is the pilot valve part. The valve is characterized by utilizing the pressure difference and elastic force between the pressure surfaces at the left and right ends of the main spool 6 to balance the movement of the spool. After the pressure oil enters the P cavity through the oil inlet, it enters the left cavity of the spool through holes e and f, and at the same time, the oil enters the right cavity of the spool through the damping hole d and works. Pilot adjustments are made through the c and b holes. On the poppet valve 4, the elastic force of the spring 3 is balanced.
When the system pressure P is low, the poppet valve 4 is closed, the pressures in the left and right chambers of the main spool 6 are almost equal, the overflow port is closed, and P and T are not connected. The main spool is on the far left under the action of the spring writing. When the system pressure increases and is greater than the set pressure of the pilot valve spring 3, the poppet valve 4 opens, and the pressure oil in the right chamber of the main spool flows through the poppet valve 4, that is, the small hole α, and the return oil chamber T flows back to the fuel tank. At this time, the pressure in the right chamber of the spool valve 6 is lower than the pressure in the left chamber due to the pressure drop caused by the orifice d of the main valve spool 6 . When the pressure difference between the left and right ends of the valve core 6 exceeds the force of the spring 5, the valve core is pushed to the right, and the oil inlet chamber P and the oil return chamber T communicate with each other, thereby realizing the overflow effect. By adjusting the nut 1, the pressing force of the pressure adjusting spring 3 can be adjusted through the spring seat 2, thereby setting the pressure of the hydraulic system. By replacing the pressure adjustment spring with a different stiffness, different pressure adjustment ranges can be obtained.
From the electrical diagram of the four-column hydraulic press, the structure of the safety valve pilot valve is small, the stiffness of the pressure adjustment spring is small, and the pressure adjustment is relatively light. However, the pilot and main valves are required to function only after the control function, so they are not as responsive as direct-acting relief valves. The main valve spring in the pilot-operated relief valve is mainly used to overcome the friction of the valve core, and the spring stiffness is small. When a change in relief causes a change in the spring compression force of the main valve, the change in spring force is smaller. Therefore, the inlet pressure change is also small, so the pilot-operated relief valve has good stability in pressure regulation. Since the pilot-operated overflow chamber is controlled and regulated by the pilot valve, and the main valve is used for overflow, the vibration is small, the noise is small, and the working pressure is stable. Suitable for high pressure and high flow applications.
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